Autonomous control sy5tems are designed to perfonn ne11 under significant uncertainties in the system and environment for extended periods of time, and they must be able to compensate for significant system failures without external intervention. Intelligent autonomous control systems use techniques from the field of artificial intelligence (AI) to achieve this autonomy. Such control Fystems evolve from conventional control systems by adding intelligent components, and their development requires interdisciplinary research. Here, he providean introduction to the area of intelligent autonomous control. The fundamental issues in autonomous control system modeling and analysis are discussed, \+ith emphasis on mathematical modeling. Some recent results in relevant research areas are summarized.